Pressure to align on sustainability can often lead to a lack of consensus within the board over what approach to take, and how quickly to take it.

A pension fund’s fiduciary responsibilities and members’ environmental, social and governance concerns can go hand in hand, but education and communication are the keys to achieving it.

Swapping out fund managers can be a laborious process, but some pension funds are willing to consider it if asset managers will not step up to the mark on environmental, social and governance factors.